Hansen, Improve your Chess

If you want to reach the heights, you should study the entire history of chess. I can`t give any clear logical explanation for it, but I think it is absolutely essential to soak up the whole of chess history. - VLADIMIR KRAMNIK

In this book Lars Bo Hansen shows how chess understanding has evolved and explains how and why a study of the great champions of the past and present will significantly improve your chess. Although modern chess is a highly concrete game where calculation is paramount and principles often appear to take a back seat, Hansen argues that the principles have become implicit at top level: you cannot win games only by following Steinitz`s or Nimzowitsch`s principles, but you will certainly lose games if you don`t know these principles!

Hansen shows that pattern recognition - one of the most vital aspects of chess mastery - is built up highly effectively by studying historic games, and cites many examples which will immediately form part of your armoury. Building upon the structure of his acclaimed work How Chess Games are Won and Lost, Hansen also argues that the transitions opening-to-middlegame and middlegame-to-endgame are best understood by studying the games of the great champions.

Throughout the book, the emphasis is firmly on improving your chess, and equipping you to improve your chess further by studying on your own. At the same time, you will enjoy a feast of the most instructive chess games of all time - both classical and modern. The final chapter discusses the future development of chess style.

Lars Bo Hansen is a well-known grandmaster from Denmark. He has won the Danish Championship on two occasions, and represented his country in four olympiads, winning a bronze medal for his individual performance in 1990. His many tournament victories include first prize in the strong Copenhagen Open in both 1997 and 2000. Away from the board, he teaches and lectures on business studies, with a particular focus on marketing, organization and strategy. This is his fourth book for Gambit.

Contents

Symbols 5

Bibliography 6

Introduction: Why Study Chess History 8

The Seven Phases of Chess History 9

1 The Romantic Era 11
Philidor The Misunderstood Genius 11
The Truly Romantic Age 15
Morphy Master of the Open Position 17
Romanticism in Modern Chess 22

2 The Scientific Era 28
Steinitz s Theories 28
The Concept of Advantage 28
Pawn-Structure 29
Control of Key Squares and Files 37
Control of the Centre 40
Space and Superior Mobility 41
The Two Bishops 44
Steinitz versus Lasker 46
Capablanca: Transformation of Advantages 50
Alekhine: The Transitionary Figure 57
Botvinnik: Bringing Science into Chess Preparation 67

3 The Hypermodern Era 70
Blockade 71
Prophylaxis 76
Overprotection 81
The Outpost 84
Open Files 86
The Pawn-Chain and Passed Pawns 89
Exchanging 94
The Isolated d-Pawn 95
Petrosian: Nimzowitsch s Star Student 99

4 New Dynamism 104
Keres: The Eternal Number Two 110
Tal: Unbridled Dynamism 116
Learning from New Dynamism 122

5 The Age of Universality 125

6 Creative Concreteness 141

7 Chess in the Future The Era of Transformation 167
Transforming Yourself to the Opponent and Situation 168
The Need for a Broad Opening Repertoire 172
Strategically Complex Openings 173
Pragmatism Regarding Colour 176
Courage, Resourcefulness and Inventiveness 181
Energy and Stamina 183

Index of Games 189

Index of Openings 191